The British Medical Journal has just published the results of a major long-term study by Robert Clarke et al, Life expectancy in relation to cardiovascular risk factors: 38 year follow-up of 19 000 men in the Whitehall study .
18 863 men aged 40-69 employed in the civil service in London, were examined in 1967-70 and followed for 38 years. 13 501 have died and 4811 were re-examined in 1997. At entry, 42% of the men were current smokers, 39% had high blood pressure, and 51% had high cholesterol. Even though these risk factors changed over time (for example, many gave up smoking), baseline differences in risk factors were associated with 10 to 15 year shorter life expectancy from age 50.
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